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《复习全书·新题型》P227

以下为真题集训 ->《复习全书·新题型》P231

passage 1

He was just 12 years old when he died. But he brought courage and hope to people around the world. Although Nakosi Johnson died, he is still remembered today as an AIDS fighter. This young boy challenged his government’s AIDS policies and millions of South Africans in the fight against the disease.

Johnson was the longest survivor born HIV positive (艾滋病病毒携带者). He survived with this deadly disease for 12 years before it claimed his life.

At first, Johnson was expected to live for nine months when his foster mother, Gail Johnson took him in at the age of two. She now runs Nakosi’s Haven across town from her house in Melville. The Haven is home to 20 children living with HIV or AIDS, and 11 of their mothers.

Johnson attracted the world’s attention and stole the hearts of thousands of people across the world at the 13th International AIDS Conference in Durban in July, 2000. He stood in front of a large audience including South African President Thabo Mbeki. He told them that he wanted AZT, a drug used to treat AIDS patients, to be given to HIV-positive pregnant (怀孕的) women to prevent the disease from being passed on to their unborn babies. He received a loud cheer at the end of his speech. Johnson’s speech was broadcast live across the world. With views beyond his age and even a sense of humor, Johnson soon became an international sign of the fight against AIDS and HIV.

31. Johnson is remembered as an AIDS fighter because _______.
    A. he was born HIV positive
    B. he suffered a lot from AIDS
    C. he changed the government policies
    D. he had his own idea to fight against the disease

31

D

32. What does the underlined expression “claimed his life” mean in the third paragraph?
    A. Caused his death
    B. Made him weak
    C. Saved his life
    D. Helped him survive

32

A

33. From the fourth paragraph, it can be inferred that 20 HIV or AIDS children _______.
    A. got together to avoid loneliness
    B. were taken care of by their mothers
    C. took the Nakosi’s Haven as their home
    D. were looked after by the government

33

A

34. What idea did Johnson give in his speech?
    A. He wanted to be a brave AIDS fighter.
    B. He wanted to draw the world’s attention.
    C. He wanted to fight against the government.
    D. He wanted AZT to treat pregnant AIDS women.

34

D

35. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
    A. A Child’s Excellent Speech
    B. A Brave AIDS Fighter
    C. A Sad Story of an AIDS Child
    D. A Deadly Disease—AIDS

35

B

passage 2 ❌2 18m 11s

What should you think about in trying to find your career? You are probably better at some school subjects than others. These may show strengths that you can use in your work. A boy who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career. A girl who spells well and likes English may be good at office work. So, it is important to do well at school. On the other hand, you may not have any especially strong or weak subjects but your records show a general satisfactory standard. Although not all the subjects can be used directly in a job, they may have indirect value. Knowledge of history is not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned to remember the facts and details. That is the ability that can be useful in many jobs.

Your school may have taught you skills, such as typing or technical drawing, which you can use in your work. You may be good at mental work or cookery and look for a job where you can improve these skills.

If you have had a part-time job on Saturdays or in the summer, think what you gained from it. If nothing else, you may have learned how to get to work on time, to follow the instruction and to get on with older workers. You may learn to give correct change in a shop, for example. Just as important, you may become interested in a particular industry or career you see from the inside in a part-time job.

Facing your weak points is also part of knowing yourself. Perhaps you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures. It is better to face any weaknesses than to pretend they do not exist. Your school record, for instance, may not be good, yet it is an important part of your background. You should not be apologetic about it but instead recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work.

36. What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?
    A. The importance of finding a good job.
    B. The importance of one’s ability in school.
    C. The importance of doing well in school work.
    D. The importance of being good at all the subjects.

36 🟨❌

B ❌
C ✅
我看到school work里的work就没敢选, 原来是"学校作业"的意思, 我还以为是"学校工作的意思"

37. What knowledge is not necessary in looking for many jobs according to the writer?
    A. Mathematics
    B. English
    C. History
    D. Typing.

37 ✅

C

38. The writer’s attitude towards a part-time job is _______.
    A. positive
    B. negative
    C. neutral
    D. hostile

38 ✅

A

39. It can be inferred from the passage that if a student’s school work is not good, he _______.
    A. can find his weakness
    B. can get a new start in his work
    C. will fail in looking for a job
    D. will feel regret about his ability

39 ✅

B

40. The passage is developed by giving _______. 看不懂题
    A. a comparison
    B. enough evidence
    C. some examples
    D. some facts

40 🟨❌🤖

D ❌
C ✅
"那最后一题为什么不能选D呢? 我觉得D是..."

passage 3

Until the twentieth century, women did not often participate in sports. Part of the explanation for this is that women simply did not have time. Many women cooked, cleaned, and took care of children. They were so busy that they did not have time for sports. A second reason, especially in the late nineteenth century, is that a woman's image at that time was one of weakness, illness, and delicacy. In the Victorian era, people thought that it was unladylike for a woman to be involved in any sports activity.

There have been changes in both the view of women in the modern world, and also changes within the world of sports. These changes have allowed many more women to participate in sports. The general view of women has changed substantially since the Victorian era. Women are no longer considered delicate. People do not think it is unladylike for a woman to compete in sports. Women who win in sports activities are highly regarded. Many women now take part in sports and games of many different kinds, and enjoy doing so. This development is partly the result of a change in the image of women in the modern world.

Women are also more active in sports now because of two changes in sports. First, in the early twentieth century, women began to compete regularly in the Olympics. Also, the number of events for women in the Olympics has been growing quite steadily. The fact that women can compete in the Olympics encourages many to become active in the various Olympic activities. In more recent years, television has had a noticeable effect on the popularity of women’s professional sports. Many women’s tennis matches and golf matches are on TV along with many other competitions. Seeing women in professional sports on TV has made certain sports much more popular among women, as amateurs and as professionals.

41. According to the passage, women did not often participate in sports in the past because _______.
    A. they were too busy
    B. they did not like competition
    C. they did not like sports
    D. they loved staying at home

41

42. Women began to participate in the Olympics _______.
    A. in the late nineteenth century
    B. in the Victorian Age
    C. in the early twentieth century
    D. in the 21st century

42

43. TV has made women’s sports _______.
    A. well recognized
    B. highly regarded
    C. more professional
    D. more popular

43

44. We can infer from the passage that _______.
    A. women used to be considered too weak for sports
    B. women did less housework in the twentieth century
    C. the number of sports events has remained unchanged
    D. only women’s tennis matches and golf matches are on TV

44

45. The best title for this passage is _______.
    A. The Image of Women
    B. Sports in the Past
    C. Women in Sports
    D. Modern Sports

45

passage 4 ❌3 14m 45s

New research is trying to find how we learn and make decisions exactly. To the brain, a new thought or idea is like a spider. If it works hard enough, a web of knowledge spins out from it. Photos of the brain taken during learning actually show a kind of nerve cells firing, growing, and forming new connections. This is fascinating in itself, but what’s even more fascinating is that failure can cause this to happen.

That’s right; failure can enhance your brain.

Stanford University psychologist Carol Dweck has compared the brain waves of people with growth and fixed mind-sets. She finds that, when those with growth mind-sets fail at a task, they would enter a more focused mental state. And as they try again and again, they improve. In effect, they’ve learned, and their brains have “grown.” Those with fixed mind-sets, however, never enter this focused state of learning and show little advancement.

Antoine Bechara, a professor of psychology and neuroscience at the University of Southern California, has taken Dweck’s work a step further. He recently isolated two equally sized centers in the brain. These areas interact during the decision-making process. Although more research is needed, these centers may turn out to be the physical locations for Dweck’s twin mind-sets.

“We always knew people could learn from their mistakes, but now we’re finding out exactly how and where this happens,” explains Bechara. “In a normally functioning brain, failure is taken as an opportunity for learning and strengthening the species.”

46. According to the passage, like a spider, a new thought or idea could ______.
    A. come from hard work
    B. enrich your brain
    C. be very fascinating
    D. form a knowledge web

46 ❌ 忘记填了

D ✅

47. Which of the following statements about Antoine Bechara is true?
    A. He explored how human beings survive.
    B. He found how the brain normally functions.
    C. He probably discovered the physical locations for the twin mind-sets.
    D. He studied the brain waves of people with growth and fixed mind-sets.

47 ✅

C

48. Carol Dweck’s work has something to do with ______.
    A. how to take photos of the brain
    B. how failure helps the brain “grow”
    C. when the areas in the brain interact with each other
    D. when nerve cells fire, grow, and form new connections

48 ❌

C ❌
B ✅

49. The passage is most probably from a ______.
    A. laboratory journal
    B. newspaper report
    C. medical magazine
    D. personal resume

49 ❌

A ❌
C ✅

50. The author’s tone can be best described as ______.
    A. objective
    B. critical
    C. personal
    D. official

50 ✅

A

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