Nothing could prevent the open policy from ____ (carry out). ❌
answer
carried out ❌
being carried out ✅
open policy“开放政策”,carry out“执行”;政策是被执行的,此外,注意介词from后面接动名词。
谁也阻止不了开放政策的实施。
关键语法点:介词后的动名词被动式
正确答案:being carried out
错误原因:未正确处理 “from + 动名词” 结构及被动语态
深度解析
1. 核心结构:prevent...from doing
- 固定搭配:prevent + 宾语 + from + 动名词(阻止...做某事)
- 例句:
- The rain prevented us from going out.(雨阻止了我们外出 → 主动语态)
- The law prevents children from being abused.(法律防止儿童被虐待 → 被动语态)
- 例句:
2. 为什么用被动语态?
- 逻辑主语关系:
- 原句中的 open policy(开放政策)是 被实施的对象,而非主动执行者,因此需用被动结构 being carried out(被实施)。
- ❌ 错误逻辑:
the policy carried out → 暗示政策主动执行某事(如政策执行其他任务),与句意矛盾。
3. 错误选项 "carried out" 的排除
- 语法结构错误:
- carried out 是过去分词,单独使用时需搭配助动词(如 is carried out, was carried out)。
- 介词 from 后必须接 名词/动名词,不能直接接过去分词。
对比练习
| 错误句 | 正确句 | 关键差异 |
|---|---|---|
| The plan prevented the data leaked. | The plan prevented the data from being leaked. | 被动语态 + 动名词 |
| She stopped him to leave. | She stopped him from leaving. | 介词后接动名词 |
语法规则总结
- prevent...from doing → 主动语态
- 例:The noise prevented me from sleeping.(噪音让我无法入睡 → 我主动睡觉被阻止)
- prevent...from being done → 被动语态
- 例:The lock prevents the door from being opened.(锁防止门被打开 → 门是被打开的)
自测练习
- The fence prevents the dog ____ (escape).
答案
答案:from escaping(主动语态,狗主动逃跑被阻止)
- The password protects the file ____ (access) by others.
答案
答案:from being accessed(被动语态,文件被他人访问)
- Heavy snow prevented the train ____ (run) on time.
答案
答案:from running(主动语态,火车准时运行被阻止)
记忆口诀
“prevent from 后跟 doing,
主动被动要分清;
宾语若是被动作,
being 过去分词别忘记!” ✨
